# CentOS 安装 Jenkins

> Jenkins 持续集成服务部署

---

## 前提条件

安装 Java（Jenkins 需要 Java 环境）：

```bash
sudo yum install -y java-11-openjdk java-11-openjdk-devel
```

验证：
```bash
java -version
```

---

## 安装 Jenkins

### 1. 添加 Jenkins 源

```bash
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo http://pkg.jenkins-ci.org/redhat/jenkins.repo
```

### 2. 导入密钥

```bash
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins-ci.org/redhat/jenkins-ci.org.key
```

### 3. 安装 Jenkins

```bash
sudo yum install -y jenkins
```

---

## 配置

### 重要目录

| 路径 | 说明 |
|------|------|
| `/var/lib/jenkins/` | Jenkins 主目录 |
| `/etc/sysconfig/jenkins` | 配置文件 |
| `/var/log/jenkins/` | 日志目录 |

### 关键配置项

```bash
sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
```

```ini
JENKINS_HOME="/var/lib/jenkins"    # 主目录
JENKINS_USER="jenkins"             # 运行用户
JENKINS_PORT="8080"               # 默认端口
```

---

## 授权

让 Jenkins 用户有权限执行相关操作：

```bash
# 添加到 docker 组（如果需要操作 Docker）
sudo usermod -a -G docker jenkins

# 设置目录权限
sudo chown -R jenkins:jenkins /var/lib/jenkins
sudo chown -R jenkins:jenkins /var/log/jenkins
```

---

## 启动 Jenkins

```bash
# 开机自启
sudo systemctl enable jenkins

# 启动
sudo systemctl start jenkins

# 查看状态
sudo systemctl status jenkins

# 重启
sudo systemctl restart jenkins
```

---

## 访问 Jenkins

1. 浏览器打开：`http://服务器IP:8080`

2. 首次访问需要解锁：
   ```bash
   # 查看初始管理员密码
   sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
   ```

3. 按提示完成安装向导

---

## 常用命令

```bash
# 启动/停止/重启
sudo systemctl start jenkins
sudo systemctl stop jenkins
sudo systemctl restart jenkins

# 查看密码
sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword

# 卸载
sudo yum remove jenkins
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/jenkins
sudo rm -rf /var/log/jenkins
```

---

## 常见问题

### 端口被占用

修改端口：
```bash
sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
# 修改 JENKINS_PORT="8080" 为其他端口
sudo systemctl restart jenkins
```

### 权限问题

```bash
sudo chown -R jenkins:jenkins /var/lib/jenkins
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/lib/jenkins
```