115 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
115 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
Executable File
# Docker 部署 MongoDB
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## 1. 下载 MongoDB 镜像
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```bash
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docker pull mongo:latest
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# 查看已下载的镜像
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docker images mongo
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```
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## 2. 启动 MongoDB 容器
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name mongodb \
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-p 27017:27017 \
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-v $PWD/data:/data/db \
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mongo:latest
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```
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### 参数说明
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| 参数 | 说明 |
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|------|------|
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| `-d` | 后台运行 |
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| `--name mongodb` | 容器名称 |
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| `-p 27017:27017` | 端口映射（主机:容器） |
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| `-v $PWD/data:/data/db` | 数据卷挂载，持久化存储 |
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## 3. 配置认证（可选，推荐）
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```bash
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# 创建管理员账号
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docker exec -it mongodb mongosh admin
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# 在 mongosh 中执行
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db.createUser({
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user: "admin",
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pwd: "你的密码",
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roles: [{ role: "root", db: "admin" }]
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})
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# 退出
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exit
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```
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### 带认证启动
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```bash
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docker stop mongodb
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docker rm mongodb
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docker run -d \
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--name mongodb \
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-p 27017:27017 \
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-v $PWD/data:/data/db \
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-e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME=admin \
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-e MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD=你的密码 \
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mongo:latest --auth
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```
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## 4. 连接测试
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```bash
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# 方式一：使用 mongosh 连接
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docker exec -it mongodb mongosh --host 127.0.0.1
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# 方式二：从另一容器连接
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docker run -it --rm \
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--link mongodb:mongo \
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mongo:latest \
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mongosh --host mongo
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# 方式三：从主机连接（需要安装 mongosh）
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mongosh mongodb://admin:密码@localhost:27017
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```
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看到以下提示说明部署成功：
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```
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It looks like you are trying to access MongoDB over HTTP on the native driver port.
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```
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## 5. 常用管理命令
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```bash
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# 查看容器状态
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docker ps | grep mongodb
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# 查看日志
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docker logs -f mongodb
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# 进入容器
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docker exec -it mongodb bash
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# 停止/启动
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docker stop mongodb
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docker start mongodb
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```
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## 6. 数据备份与恢复
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```bash
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# 备份（数据在挂载的 $PWD/data 目录中）
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tar -czvf mongodb-backup-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz data/
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# 恢复
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tar -xzvf mongodb-backup-xxxxxxxx.tar.gz
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```
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---
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> 参考：[MongoDB Docker 官方文档](https://hub.docker.com/_/mongo)
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